| 1. |
Malek AM, et al. (2015).
|
|
A potential association was found for exposure to ambient air concentrations of suspected neurotoxicant hazardous air pollutants, specifically aromatic solvents, among place of residence in 2002 and 1999 and risk of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. |
|
1,1,1-trichloroethane
| 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane
| 2,4-dinitrotoluene
| Acrylamide
| allyl chloride
| Arsenicals
| Benzene
| Cadmium Compounds
| Carbon Disulfide
| Carbon Tetrachloride
| Chloroform
| Cresols
| Cyanides
| ethylbenzene
| Ethylene Dibromide
| ethylene dichloride
| Ethylene Oxide
| Hexachlorobenzene
| hexachloroethane
| Hexanes
| hydrazine
| Lead
| Manganese Compounds
| Mercury Compounds
| Methyl Chloride
| Methylene Chloride
| Nickel
| Polychlorinated Biphenyls
| Selenium Compounds
| Styrene
| Tetrachloroethylene
| Toluene
| Trichloroethylene
| Vinyl Chloride
| Xylenes
|
Controls for disease:Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
| Subjects with disease:Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
|
United States |
|
1,1,1-trichloroethane
| 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane
| 2,4-dinitrotoluene
| Acrylamide
| allyl chloride
| Arsenicals
| Benzene
| Cadmium Compounds
| Carbon Disulfide
| Carbon Tetrachloride
| Chloroform
| Cresols
| Cyanides
| ethylbenzene
| Ethylene Dibromide
| ethylene dichloride
| Ethylene Oxide
| Hexachlorobenzene
| hexachloroethane
| Hexanes
| hydrazine
| Lead
| Manganese Compounds
| Mercury Compounds
| Methyl Chloride
| Methylene Chloride
| Nickel
| Polychlorinated Biphenyls
| Selenium Compounds
| Styrene
| Tetrachloroethylene
| Toluene
| Trichloroethylene
| Vinyl Chloride
| Xylenes
|
Details
|
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
|
| 2. |
Vermeulen R, et al. (2004).
|
|
Benzene and toluene exposures were determined in part by the degree of contact with glues, the benzene and toluene content of each glue, air movement and ventilation patterns. |
|
1,1,1-trichloroethane
| 2,2,4-trimethylpentane
| 3-xylene
| 4-xylene
| Acetone
| Benzene
| chlorobenzene
| ethyl acetate
| ethylbenzene
| ethylene dichloride
| Heptanes
| Hexanes
| Methylene Chloride
| methylethyl ketone
| methyl isobutyl ketone
| octane
| pentane
| Toluene
|
Workers |
China |
air, indoor |
1,1,1-trichloroethane
| 2,2,4-trimethylpentane
| 3-xylene
| 4-xylene
| Acetone
| Benzene
| chlorobenzene
| ethyl acetate
| ethylbenzene
| ethylene dichloride
| Heptanes
| Hexanes
| Methylene Chloride
| methylethyl ketone
| methyl isobutyl ketone
| octane
| pentane
| Toluene
|
Details
|
|
| 3. |
Sexton K, et al. (2007).
|
|
Our aim was to compare and rank relative health risks of 179 air pollutants in Houston using an evidence-based approach supplemented by the expert judgment of a panel of academic scientists. |
|
1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane
| 1,3-butadiene
| 1,6-hexamethylene diisocyanate
| Acetaldehyde
| Acrolein
| acrylic acid
| Acrylonitrile
| Arsenicals
| Benzene
| Carbon Tetrachloride
| Chlorine
| chromium hexavalent ion
| Ethylene Dibromide
| ethylene dichloride
| Ethylene Oxide
| Formaldehyde
| naphthalene
| Ozone
| Particulate Matter
| Vehicle Emissions
| Vinyl Chloride
|
Study subjects |
United States |
|
|
Details
|
Disorders of Environmental Origin
| Neoplasms
|
| 4. |
Loh MM, et al. (2007).
|
|
In this study we compared cancer risks from organic hazardous air pollutants (HAPs) based on total personal exposure summed across different microenvironments and exposure pathways. |
|
1,12-benzoperylene
| 1,2,5,6-dibenzanthracene
| 1,3-butadiene
| 1,3-dichloro-1-propene
| 4-dichlorobenzene
| Acetaldehyde
| anthracene
| benz(a)anthracene
| Benzene
| Benzo(a)pyrene
| benzo(b)fluoranthene
| Carbon Tetrachloride
| Chloroform
| chrysene
| Dioxins
| Ethylene Dibromide
| ethylene dichloride
| fluoranthene
| Formaldehyde
| indeno(1,2,3-cd)pyrene
| Methylene Chloride
| naphthalene
| phenanthrene
| Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons
| pyrene
| Tetrachloroethylene
| Trichloroethylene
| Vinyl Chloride
|
Study subjects |
United States |
|
1,12-benzoperylene
| 1,2,5,6-dibenzanthracene
| 1,3-butadiene
| 1,3-dichloro-1-propene
| 4-dichlorobenzene
| Acetaldehyde
| anthracene
| benz(a)anthracene
| Benzene
| Benzo(a)pyrene
| benzo(b)fluoranthene
| Carbon Tetrachloride
| Chloroform
| chrysene
| Dioxins
| Ethylene Dibromide
| ethylene dichloride
| fluoranthene
| Formaldehyde
| indeno(1,2,3-cd)pyrene
| Methylene Chloride
| naphthalene
| phenanthrene
| Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons
| pyrene
| Tetrachloroethylene
| Trichloroethylene
| Vinyl Chloride
|
Details
|
Neoplasms
|
| 5. |
Aquilina NJ, et al. (2010).
|
Measurement and Modelling of Air Toxic Concentrations for Health Effect Studies Project (MATCH) |
The objective of this study was to analyse environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) metabolites in urine samples of non-occupationally exposed non-smoker adult subjects and to establish relationships between airborne exposures and urinary concentrations in order to assess the suitability of the studied metabolites as biomarkers of PAH and ETS, study the use of 3-ethenypyridine as ETS tracer, and link ETS scenarios with exposures to carcinogenic PAH and volatile organic compounds. |
tobacco |
1,12-benzoperylene
| 1,2,5,6-dibenzanthracene
| 1,3-butadiene
| 1-hydroxyphenanthrene
| 1-hydroxypyrene
| 2-hydroxyfluorene
| 2-naphthol
| 3-vinylpyridine
| acenaphthene
| acenaphthylene
| anthracene
| benz(a)anthracene
| Benzo(a)pyrene
| benzo(b)fluoranthene
| benzo(k)fluoranthene
| chrysene
| coronene
| fluoranthene
| fluorene
| hydroxycotinine
| indeno(1,2,3-cd)pyrene
| naphthalene
| Nicotine
| phenanthrene
| Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons
| pyrene
|
Study subjects |
United Kingdom |
urine |
1,12-benzoperylene
| 1,2,5,6-dibenzanthracene
| 1,3-butadiene
| 1-hydroxyphenanthrene
| 1-hydroxypyrene
| 2-hydroxyfluorene
| 2-naphthol
| 3-vinylpyridine
| acenaphthene
| acenaphthylene
| anthracene
| benz(a)anthracene
| Benzo(a)pyrene
| benzo(b)fluoranthene
| benzo(k)fluoranthene
| chrysene
| coronene
| fluoranthene
| fluorene
| hydroxycotinine
| indeno(1,2,3-cd)pyrene
| naphthalene
| Nicotine
| phenanthrene
| Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons
| pyrene
|
Details
|
|
| 6. |
von Ehrenstein OS, et al. (2016).
|
California Cancer Registry |
Our data suggest that in utero and infancy exposures to air toxics generated by industrial and road traffic sources may increase the risk of primitive neuroectodermal tumor and medulloblastoma, with limited support for increased risks for astrocytoma in children up to age 6. |
|
1,12-benzoperylene
| 1,2,5,6-dibenzanthracene
| 1,3-butadiene
| 2-dichlorobenzene
| 2-xylene
| 4-dichlorobenzene
| Acetaldehyde
| Benzene
| Benzo(a)pyrene
| benzo(b)fluoranthene
| benzo(k)fluoranthene
| Chloroform
| Chromium
| chromium hexavalent ion
| ethylbenzene
| Formaldehyde
| indeno(1,2,3-cd)pyrene
| Lead
| Methylene Chloride
| Nickel
| Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons
| Selenium
| Styrene
| Tetrachloroethylene
| Toluene
| Trichloroethylene
|
Controls for disease:Neuroectodermal Tumors, Primitive
| Subjects with disease:Neuroectodermal Tumors, Primitive
|
United States |
air |
1,12-benzoperylene
| 1,2,5,6-dibenzanthracene
| 1,3-butadiene
| 2-dichlorobenzene
| 2-xylene
| 4-dichlorobenzene
| Acetaldehyde
| Benzene
| Benzo(a)pyrene
| benzo(b)fluoranthene
| benzo(k)fluoranthene
| Chloroform
| Chromium
| chromium hexavalent ion
| ethylbenzene
| Formaldehyde
| indeno(1,2,3-cd)pyrene
| Lead
| Methylene Chloride
| Nickel
| Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons
| Selenium
| Styrene
| Tetrachloroethylene
| Toluene
| Trichloroethylene
|
Details
|
Astrocytoma
| Medulloblastoma
| Neuroectodermal Tumors, Primitive
|
| 7. |
Mi T, et al. (2013).
|
|
We describe two cases of acute toxic leukoencephalopathy in migrant workers who were occupationally exposed to organic solvents in construction materials. |
|
1,2,3-trichloropropane
| Solvents
| Toluene
|
Workers |
China |
blood | urine |
1,2,3-trichloropropane
| Benzoic Acid
|
Details
|
Leukoencephalopathies
| Neurotoxicity Syndromes
| Occupational Diseases
|
| 8. |
Rull RP, et al. (2006).
|
|
Data on two case-control study populations of infants with neural tube defects (NTDs) and nonmalformed controls delivered in California between 1987 and 1991 were pooled to investigate whether maternal residential proximity to applications of specific pesticides or physicochemical groups of pesticides during early gestation increases the risk of these malformations. |
|
1,3-dichloro-1-propene
| Amides
| Benomyl
| Benzimidazoles
| Captan
| Chlorpyrifos
| devrinol
| Dimethoate
| Disulfoton
| Methomyl
| methyl carbamate
| methyl demeton
| Naled
| Organophosphorus Compounds
| vendex
|
Infants or newborns |
United States |
|
1,3-dichloro-1-propene
| Amides
| Benomyl
| Benzimidazoles
| Captan
| Chlorpyrifos
| devrinol
| Dimethoate
| Disulfoton
| Methomyl
| methyl carbamate
| methyl demeton
| Naled
| Organophosphorus Compounds
| vendex
|
Details
|
Anencephaly
| Neural Tube Defects
| Spinal Dysraphism
|
| 9. |
Woodruff TJ, et al. (2011).
|
National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) |
Our analysis of the NHANES pregnancy data shows ubiquitous exposure to multiple chemicals during a sensitive period of fetal development. |
|
1-hydroxypyrene
| 2,2',4,4',5,5'-hexabrominated diphenyl ether
| 2,2',4,4'-tetrabromodiphenyl ether
| 2,3',4,4',5-pentachlorobiphenyl
| 2,4,5,2',4',5'-hexachlorobiphenyl
| 2-naphthol
| 4-dichlorobenzene
| Benzene
| bisphenol A
| Cadmium
| Cotinine
| DDT
| Dichlorodiphenyl Dichloroethylene
| diethyl phosphate
| dimethyl phosphate
| fluoren-9-ol
| Hexachlorobenzene
| Lead
| Mercury
| methyl tert-butyl ether
| mono-benzyl phthalate
| monobutyl phthalate
| mono-isobutyl phthalate
| O,O-dimethyl phosphorodithioate
| O,O-dimethyl phosphorothionate
| oxybenzone
| PCB 180
| perchlorate
| perfluorooctane sulfonic acid
| perfluorooctanoic acid
| thiophosphoric acid
| Toluene
| Triclosan
|
Pregnant females | Study subjects |
United States |
blood | serum | urine |
1-hydroxypyrene
| 2,2',4,4',5,5'-hexabrominated diphenyl ether
| 2,2',4,4'-tetrabromodiphenyl ether
| 2,3',4,4',5-pentachlorobiphenyl
| 2,4,5,2',4',5'-hexachlorobiphenyl
| 2-naphthol
| 4-dichlorobenzene
| Benzene
| bisphenol A
| Cadmium
| Cotinine
| DDT
| Dichlorodiphenyl Dichloroethylene
| diethyl phosphate
| dimethyl phosphate
| fluoren-9-ol
| Hexachlorobenzene
| Lead
| Mercury
| methyl tert-butyl ether
| mono-benzyl phthalate
| monobutyl phthalate
| mono-isobutyl phthalate
| O,O-dimethyl phosphorodithioate
| O,O-dimethyl phosphorothionate
| oxybenzone
| PCB 180
| perchlorate
| perfluorooctane sulfonic acid
| perfluorooctanoic acid
| thiophosphoric acid
| Toluene
| Triclosan
|
Details
|
|
| 10. |
Robledo CA, et al. (2015).
|
Longitudinal Investigation of Fertility and the Environment Study (LIFE) |
Preconceptional maternal and paternal concentrations of several persistent organic pollutants were associated with statistically significant differences in birth size among offspring. |
|
2,2',3,3',4,4',5-heptachlorobiphenyl
| 2,2',3',4,4',5-hexachlorobiphenyl
| 2,2',3,5,5',6-hexachlorobiphenyl
| 2,2',4,4',5,5'-hexabrominated diphenyl ether
| 2,2',4,4',5-pentachlorobiphenyl
| 2,2',4,4'-tetrabromodiphenyl ether
| 2,3,3',4,4',5-hexachlorobiphenyl
| 2,3,3',4,4'-pentachlorobiphenyl
| 2,3,4,2',3',4'-hexachlorobiphenyl
| 2,3,4,4'5-pentachlorobiphenyl
| 2,3',4,4',5-pentachlorobiphenyl
| 2,4,4',5-tetrachlorobiphenyl
| 2,4,4'-trichlorobiphenyl
| 2,4,5,2',4',5'-hexachlorobiphenyl
| 2,4,5,2',5'-pentachlorobiphenyl
| 2,5,2',5'-tetrachlorobiphenyl
| beta-hexachlorocyclohexane
| DDT
| Dichlorodiphenyl Dichloroethylene
| Fluorocarbons
| Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers
| Hexachlorobenzene
| hexadecafluoro-nonanoic acid
| Lindane
| Mirex
| N-ethyl perfluorooctane sulfonamido acetate
| nonachlor
| o,p'-DDT
| oxychlordane
| PBB 153
| PCB 180
| pentabromodiphenyl ether
| perfluorodecanoic acid
| perfluorooctanesulfonamide
| perfluorooctane sulfonic acid
| perfluorooctanoic acid
| Polychlorinated Biphenyls
| tribromodiphenyl ether 28
|
Infants or newborns | Mothers | Study subjects |
United States |
serum |
2,2',3,3',4,4',5-heptachlorobiphenyl
| 2,2',3',4,4',5-hexachlorobiphenyl
| 2,2',3,5,5',6-hexachlorobiphenyl
| 2,2',4,4',5,5'-hexabrominated diphenyl ether
| 2,2',4,4',5-pentachlorobiphenyl
| 2,2',4,4'-tetrabromodiphenyl ether
| 2,3,3',4,4',5-hexachlorobiphenyl
| 2,3,3',4,4'-pentachlorobiphenyl
| 2,3,4,2',3',4'-hexachlorobiphenyl
| 2,3,4,4'5-pentachlorobiphenyl
| 2,3',4,4',5-pentachlorobiphenyl
| 2,4,4',5-tetrachlorobiphenyl
| 2,4,4'-trichlorobiphenyl
| 2,4,5,2',4',5'-hexachlorobiphenyl
| 2,4,5,2',5'-pentachlorobiphenyl
| 2,5,2',5'-tetrachlorobiphenyl
| beta-hexachlorocyclohexane
| DDT
| Dichlorodiphenyl Dichloroethylene
| Fluorocarbons
| Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers
| Hexachlorobenzene
| hexadecafluoro-nonanoic acid
| Lindane
| Mirex
| N-ethyl perfluorooctane sulfonamido acetate
| nonachlor
| o,p'-DDT
| oxychlordane
| PBB 153
| PCB 180
| pentabromodiphenyl ether
| perfluorodecanoic acid
| perfluorooctanesulfonamide
| perfluorooctane sulfonic acid
| perfluorooctanoic acid
| Polychlorinated Biphenyls
| tribromodiphenyl ether 28
|
Details
|
Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects
| developmental growth
| head development
|
| 11. |
Braun JM, et al. (2014).
|
Health Outcomes and Measures of the Environment (HOME) | National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) |
We used a semi-Bayesian hierarchical regression model to estimate associations between prenatal blood or urine concentrations of 52 suspected endocrine disrupting chemicals and autistic behaviors at 4 and 5 years of age in a prospective birth cohort of 175 mothers and their children. |
socioeconomic status | tobacco |
2,2',3,3',4,4',5-heptachlorobiphenyl
| 2,2',4,4',5,5'-hexabrominated diphenyl ether
| 2,2',4,4',5-pentachlorobiphenyl
| 2,2',4,4'-tetrabromodiphenyl ether
| 2,3,3',4,4',5-hexachlorobiphenyl
| 2,3,3',4,4'-pentachlorobiphenyl
| 2,3',4,4',5-pentachlorobiphenyl
| 2,3',4,4'-tetrachlorobiphenyl
| 2,4,4',5-tetrachlorobiphenyl
| 2,4,4'-trichlorobiphenyl
| 2,4,5,2',4',5'-hexabromobiphenyl
| 2,4,5,2',4',5'-hexachlorobiphenyl
| 2,4,5,2',5'-pentachlorobiphenyl
| beta-hexachlorocyclohexane
| bisphenol A
| DDT
| Dichlorodiphenyl Dichloroethylene
| Diethylhexyl Phthalate
| Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers
| Hexachlorobenzene
| hexadecafluoro-nonanoic acid
| mono(2-ethyl-5-hydroxyhexyl) phthalate
| mono-(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate
| mono-benzyl phthalate
| monobutyl phthalate
| monoethyl phthalate
| mono-isobutyl phthalate
| nonachlor
| oxychlordane
| pentabromodiphenyl ether
| perfluorohexanesulfonic acid
| perfluorooctane sulfonic acid
| perfluorooctanoic acid
| phthalic acid
| Polychlorinated Biphenyls
|
Children | Pregnant females | Study subjects |
United States |
serum | urine |
2,2',3,3',4,4',5-heptachlorobiphenyl
| 2,2',4,4',5,5'-hexabrominated diphenyl ether
| 2,2',4,4',5-pentachlorobiphenyl
| 2,2',4,4'-tetrabromodiphenyl ether
| 2,3,3',4,4',5-hexachlorobiphenyl
| 2,3,3',4,4'-pentachlorobiphenyl
| 2,3',4,4',5-pentachlorobiphenyl
| 2,3',4,4'-tetrachlorobiphenyl
| 2,4,4',5-tetrachlorobiphenyl
| 2,4,4'-trichlorobiphenyl
| 2,4,5,2',4',5'-hexabromobiphenyl
| 2,4,5,2',4',5'-hexachlorobiphenyl
| 2,4,5,2',5'-pentachlorobiphenyl
| beta-hexachlorocyclohexane
| bisphenol A
| DDT
| Dichlorodiphenyl Dichloroethylene
| Diethylhexyl Phthalate
| Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers
| Hexachlorobenzene
| hexadecafluoro-nonanoic acid
| mono(2-ethyl-5-hydroxyhexyl) phthalate
| mono-(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate
| mono-benzyl phthalate
| monobutyl phthalate
| monoethyl phthalate
| mono-isobutyl phthalate
| nonachlor
| oxychlordane
| pentabromodiphenyl ether
| perfluorohexanesulfonic acid
| perfluorooctane sulfonic acid
| perfluorooctanoic acid
| phthalic acid
| Polychlorinated Biphenyls
|
Details
|
Autism Spectrum Disorder
|
| 12. |
Patel CJ, et al. (2012).
|
National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) |
We screened for correlation between environmental factors and lipid levels, utilizing four independent surveys with information on 188 environmental factors from the Centers of Disease Control, National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, collected between 1999 and 2006. |
age | body mass index | race | sex | socioeconomic status |
2,2',3,3',4,4',5-heptachlorobiphenyl
| 2,3-bis(3'-hydroxybenzyl)butyrolactone
| 2,4,4',5-tetrachlorobiphenyl
| 2-hydroxyfluorene
| alpha-Tocopherol
| Ascorbic Acid
| beta Carotene
| Cotinine
| Cryptoxanthins
| Fluorenes
| Folic Acid
| gamma-Tocopherol
| Heptachlor Epoxide
| Iron
| lycopene
| Mercury
| nonachlor
| oxychlordane
| retinol palmitate
| retinyl stearate
| Vitamin A
| Vitamin D
|
Study subjects |
United States |
|
|
Details
|
cholesterol metabolic process
| triglyceride metabolic process
|
| 13. |
Robinson O, et al. (2015).
|
INfancia y Medio Ambiente (INMA) Project |
In summary, the correlation analysis presented here of multiple environmental exposures among pregnant women provide a first picture of the structure of the exposome during the crucial in utero period. |
|
2,2',3,4,4',5',6-heptabromodiphenyl ether
| 2,2',3',4,4',5-hexachlorobiphenyl
| 2,2',4,4',5-brominated diphenyl ether
| 2,2',4,4'-tetrabromodiphenyl ether
| 2,4,5,2',4',5'-hexachlorobiphenyl
| Antimony
| Arsenic
| Benzene
| beta-hexachlorocyclohexane
| bisphenol A
| Cadmium
| Cesium
| Chloroform
| Cobalt
| Copper
| Cotinine
| decabromobiphenyl ether
| Dichlorodiphenyl Dichloroethylene
| hexabrominated diphenyl ether 153
| hexabromodiphenyl ether 154
| Hexachlorobenzene
| Lead
| Mercury
| Molybdenum
| mono(2-ethyl-5-hydroxyhexyl) phthalate
| mono(2-ethyl-5-oxohexyl)phthalate
| mono-(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate
| mono-benzyl phthalate
| monobutyl phthalate
| monoethyl phthalate
| mono-isobutyl phthalate
| Nickel
| Nitric Oxide
| Nitrogen Dioxide
| Nitrogen Oxides
| Particulate Matter
| PCB 180
| pentabrominated diphenyl ether 100
| pentabromodiphenyl ether
| perfluorohexanesulfonic acid
| perfluorononanoic acid
| perfluorooctane sulfonic acid
| perfluorooctanoic acid
| Pesticides
| Phthalic Acids
| Selenium
| Thallium
| Tobacco Smoke Pollution
| Trihalomethanes
| Zinc
|
Pregnant females |
Spain |
air | blood, cord | colostrum | serum | urine | water |
2,2',3,4,4',5',6-heptabromodiphenyl ether
| 2,2',3',4,4',5-hexachlorobiphenyl
| 2,2',4,4',5-brominated diphenyl ether
| 2,2',4,4'-tetrabromodiphenyl ether
| 2,4,5,2',4',5'-hexachlorobiphenyl
| Antimony
| Arsenic
| Benzene
| beta-hexachlorocyclohexane
| bisphenol A
| Cadmium
| Cesium
| Chloroform
| Cobalt
| Copper
| Cotinine
| decabromobiphenyl ether
| Dichlorodiphenyl Dichloroethylene
| hexabrominated diphenyl ether 153
| hexabromodiphenyl ether 154
| Hexachlorobenzene
| Lead
| Mercury
| Molybdenum
| mono(2-ethyl-5-hydroxyhexyl) phthalate
| mono(2-ethyl-5-oxohexyl)phthalate
| mono-(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate
| mono-benzyl phthalate
| monobutyl phthalate
| monoethyl phthalate
| mono-isobutyl phthalate
| Nickel
| Nitric Oxide
| Nitrogen Dioxide
| Nitrogen Oxides
| Particulate Matter
| PCB 180
| pentabrominated diphenyl ether 100
| pentabromodiphenyl ether
| perfluorohexanesulfonic acid
| perfluorononanoic acid
| perfluorooctane sulfonic acid
| perfluorooctanoic acid
| Pesticides
| Phthalic Acids
| Selenium
| Thallium
| Tobacco Smoke Pollution
| Trihalomethanes
| Zinc
|
Details
|
|
| 14. |
Dallaire R, et al. (2009).
|
|
Exposure to several polyhalogenated compounds was associated with modifications of the thyroid parameters in adult Inuit, mainly by reducing total triiodothyronine and thyroxine-binding globulin circulating concentrations. |
|
2,2',3',4,4',5-hexachlorobiphenyl
| 2,2',4,4',5-pentachlorobiphenyl
| 2,2',4,4'-tetrabromodiphenyl ether
| 2,3,3',4,4',5-hexachlorobiphenyl
| 2,3,3',4,4'-pentachlorobiphenyl
| 2,3',4,4',5-pentachlorobiphenyl
| 2,4,4',5-tetrachlorobiphenyl
| 2,4,5,2',4',5'-hexachlorobiphenyl
| beta-hexachlorocyclohexane
| Dichlorodiphenyl Dichloroethylene
| Dioxins
| Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers
| Hexachlorobenzene
| Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated
| PCB 180
| Pentachlorophenol
| perfluorooctane sulfonic acid
| Polybrominated Biphenyls
| Polychlorinated Biphenyls
| Selenium
|
Study subjects |
Canada |
blood | plasma | serum |
2,2',3,3',4,4',5-heptachlorobiphenyl
| 2,2',3',4,4',5-hexachlorobiphenyl
| 2,2',4,4',5-pentachlorobiphenyl
| 2,2',4,4'-tetrabromodiphenyl ether
| 2,3,3',4,4',5-hexachlorobiphenyl
| 2,3,3',4,4'-pentachlorobiphenyl
| 2,3',4,4',5-pentachlorobiphenyl
| 2,4,4',5-tetrachlorobiphenyl
| 2,4,5,2',4',5'-hexachlorobiphenyl
| beta-hexachlorocyclohexane
| Dichlorodiphenyl Dichloroethylene
| Dioxins
| hexabrominated diphenyl ether 153
| Hexachlorobenzene
| PCB 180
| Pentachlorophenol
| perfluorooctane sulfonic acid
| Polychlorinated Biphenyls
| Selenium
| SERPINA7
| Thyroxine
| Triiodothyronine
| TSHB
|
Details
|
regulation of thyroid-stimulating hormone secretion
| thyroid hormone metabolic process
|
| 15. |
Lenters V, et al. (2016).
|
|
In this study of mother-newborn pairs from Greenland, Poland, and Ukraine, prenatal exposure to a diethylhexyl phthalate metabolite (mono(2-ethyl-5-hydroxyhexyl) phthalate), perfluorooctanoic acid, and dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene were independently associated with lower birth weight in term newborns. |
|
2,4,5,2',4',5'-hexachlorobiphenyl
| Dichlorodiphenyl Dichloroethylene
| Diethylhexyl Phthalate
| Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated
| perfluorodecanoic acid
| perfluorododecanoic acid
| perfluoroheptanoic acid
| perfluorohexanesulfonic acid
| perfluorononanoic acid
| perfluorooctane sulfonic acid
| perfluorooctanoic acid
| perfluoroundecanoic acid
| phthalic acid
|
Pregnant females |
Greenland|Poland|
Ukraine |
serum |
2,4,5,2',4',5'-hexachlorobiphenyl
| Dichlorodiphenyl Dichloroethylene
| Diethylhexyl Phthalate
| diisononyl phthalate
| Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated
| mono(2-ethyl-5-hydroxyhexyl) phthalate
| mono(2-ethyl-5-oxohexyl)phthalate
| mono(carboxy-isooctyl)phthalate
| perfluorodecanoic acid
| perfluorododecanoic acid
| perfluoroheptanoic acid
| perfluorohexanesulfonic acid
| perfluorononanoic acid
| perfluorooctane sulfonic acid
| perfluorooctanoic acid
| perfluoroundecanoic acid
| phthalic acid
|
Details
|
Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects
|
| 16. |
Munger R, et al. (1997).
|
|
We conclude that communities in southern Iowa with drinking water supplies contaminated with herbicides have elevated rates of intrauterine growth retardation compared to neighboring communities with different water supplies. |
|
2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid
| 2-xylene
| 3-xylene
| 4-xylene
| alachlor
| Atrazine
| bromodichloromethane
| bromoform
| chlorodibromomethane
| Chloroform
| cyanazine
| metolachlor
| tetrachloroethane
|
Pregnant females |
United States |
water, drinking |
2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid
| 2-xylene
| alachlor
| Atrazine
| bromodichloromethane
| bromoform
| chlorodibromomethane
| Chloroform
| cyanazine
| metolachlor
| tetrachloroethane
| Xylenes
|
Details
|
Fetal Growth Retardation
|
| 17. |
Louis GM, et al. (2015).
|
Longitudinal Investigation of Fertility and the Environment Study (LIFE) |
We found that select perfluorinated chemicals at environmentally relevant concentrations were associated with differences in sperm head, morphology, and DNA characteristics, including differences indicative of higher and lower semen quality. |
|
2-(N-methylperfluorooctanesulfonamido)acetic acid
| hexadecafluoro-nonanoic acid
| Hydrocarbons, Fluorinated
| perfluorodecanoic acid
| perfluorooctanesulfonamide
| perfluorooctane sulfonic acid
| perfluorooctanoic acid
| Sulfonamides
|
Study subjects |
United States |
serum |
2-(N-methylperfluorooctanesulfonamido)acetic acid
| hexadecafluoro-nonanoic acid
| Hydrocarbons, Fluorinated
| perfluorodecanoic acid
| perfluorooctanesulfonamide
| perfluorooctane sulfonic acid
| perfluorooctanoic acid
| Sulfonamides
|
Details
|
spermatogenesis
|
| 18. |
Fraser AJ, et al. (2013).
|
|
Our investigation provides insight into concentrations of polyfluorinated compounds (PFCs) in the dust of offices, homes and vehicles in the United States and represents a novel attempt to assess contributions of different exposure media and microenvironments on PFC body burdens. |
|
8-2 fluorotelomer alcohol
| Fluorocarbons
| hexadecafluoro-nonanoic acid
| Hydrocarbons, Fluorinated
| perfluorobutane
| perfluorobutyric acid
| perfluoroheptanoic acid
| perfluorohexanesulfonic acid
| perfluorohexanoic acid
| perfluorooctane sulfonic acid
| perfluorooctanoic acid
|
Workers |
United States |
dust |
8-2 fluorotelomer alcohol
| Fluorocarbons
| hexadecafluoro-nonanoic acid
| Hydrocarbons, Fluorinated
| perfluorobutane
| perfluorobutyric acid
| perfluoroheptanoic acid
| perfluorohexanesulfonic acid
| perfluorohexanoic acid
| perfluorooctane sulfonic acid
| perfluorooctanoic acid
|
Details
|
|
| 19. |
Fraser AJ, et al. (2012).
|
|
Fluorotelomer alcohol concentrations in office air significantly predict serum perfluorooctanoate concentrations in office workers. |
|
8-2 fluorotelomer alcohol
| Hydrocarbons, Fluorinated
|
Workers |
United States |
air | serum |
2-(N-ethylperfluorooctanesulfonamido)ethyl alcohol
| 8-2 fluorotelomer alcohol
| Hydrocarbons, Fluorinated
| perfluorodecanoic acid
| perfluorododecanoic acid
| perfluorohexanesulfonic acid
| perfluorohexanoic acid
| perfluorooctanesulfonamide
| perfluorooctane sulfonic acid
| perfluorooctanoic acid
|
Details
|
|
| 20. |
Shirima CP, et al. (2015).
|
|
We investigated the association between child growth and aflatoxin and fumonisin exposure in Tanzania. |
|
Aflatoxins
| fumonisin B1
|
Children |
Tanzania, United Republic of |
plasma | urine |
aflatoxin-albumin adduct
| fumonisin B1
|
Details
|
Growth Disorders
|
| 21. |
López-Abente G, et al. (2012).
|
|
Statistically significant relative risks for colorectal cancer mortality at a municipal level were detected in the vicinity of mining industry, paper and wood production, food and beverage sector, metal production and processing installations, and ceramics. |
|
Air Pollutants
|
Study subjects |
Spain |
air, outdoor |
1,1,1-trichloroethane
| Ammonia
| anthracene
| Antimony
| Arsenicals
| Arsenic
| Benzene
| beta-hexachlorocyclohexane
| Cadmium
| Cadmium Compounds
| Carbon Dioxide
| Carbon Monoxide
| Carbon Tetrachloride
| Chlorine
| Chlorine Compounds
| Chlorofluorocarbons
| Chloroform
| Chromium
| Chromium Compounds
| Cobalt
| Diethylhexyl Phthalate
| Dioxins
| ethylene dichloride
| Ethylene Oxide
| Fluorine
| Fluorine Compounds
| Hexachlorobenzene
| Hydrogen Cyanide
| Lead
| Manganese
| Manganese Compounds
| Mercury
| Mercury Compounds
| Methane
| Methylene Chloride
| naphthalene
| Nickel
| Nitrogen Oxides
| Nitrous Oxide
| Particulate Matter
| Pentachlorophenol
| Polychlorinated Biphenyls
| Sulfur Oxides
| Tetrachloroethylene
| Thallium
| trichlorobenzene
| Trichloroethylene
| Vanadium
| Vanadium Compounds
| Vinyl Chloride
| Zinc
| Zinc Compounds
|
Details
|
Colorectal Neoplasms
| Death
|
| 22. |
Windham GC, et al. (2006).
|
|
Our results suggest a potential association between autism and estimated metal concentrations, and possibly chlorinated solvents, in ambient air around the birth residence, requiring confirmation and more refined exposure assessment in future studies. |
|
Air Pollutants
|
Controls for disease:Autism Spectrum Disorder
| Subjects with disease:Autism Spectrum Disorder
| Children |
United States |
air, ambient |
Arsenic
| Benzene
| Cadmium
| Chromium
| ethylbenzene
| hydrazine
| Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated
| Lead
| Manganese
| Mercury
| Metals, Heavy
| Methylene Chloride
| Nickel
| Particulate Matter
| Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons
| Solvents
| Styrene
| Tetrachloroethylene
| Toluene
| Trichloroethylene
| Vinyl Chloride
| Xylenes
|
Details
|
Autism Spectrum Disorder
|
| 23. |
Kalkbrenner AE, et al. (2010).
|
Autism and Developmental Disabilities Monitoring Network (ADDM) |
Our screening design was limited by exposure misclassification of air pollutants and the use of an alternate developmental disorder as the control group, both of which may have biased results toward the null. Despite these limitations, methylene chloride, quinoline, and styrene emerged (based on this analysis and prior epidemiologic evidence) as candidates that warrant further investigation for a possible role in autism etiology. |
|
Air Pollutants
|
|
United States |
air |
1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane
| 1,3-butadiene
| 1,3-dichloro-1-propene
| Acetaldehyde
| Acrolein
| Acrylonitrile
| Arsenicals
| Benzene
| Beryllium
| Cadmium Compounds
| Carbon Tetrachloride
| Chloroform
| Chromium Compounds
| Coke
| ethylbenzene
| Ethylene Dibromide
| ethylene dichloride
| Ethylene Oxide
| Formaldehyde
| Hexachlorobenzene
| Hexanes
| hydrazine
| Lead
| Manganese Compounds
| Mercury Compounds
| Methylene Chloride
| methyl tert-butyl ether
| Nickel
| Polychlorinated Biphenyls
| Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons
| propionaldehyde
| propylene dichloride
| quinoline
| Styrene
| Tetrachloroethylene
| Toluene
| Trichloroethylene
| Vehicle Emissions
| Vinyl Chloride
| Xylenes
|
Details
|
Autism Spectrum Disorder
|
| 24. |
Logue JM, et al. (2012).
|
|
The approach demonstrated in this study may be used to assess regional and national initiatives that affect indoor air quality at the population level. Cumulative health impacts from inhalation in U.S. residences of the indoor air pollutants assessed in this study are estimated at 400-1,100 disability-adjusted life years lost annually per 100,000 persons. |
|
Air Pollutants
|
|
United States |
|
1,1,1,2-tetrachloroethane
| 1,1,2-trichloroethane
| 1,3-butadiene
| 2-butenal
| 2-ethoxyethanol
| 2-ethylhexanol
| 2-phenylphenol
| 2-xylene
| 4-dichlorobenzene
| Acetaldehyde
| Acrolein
| Acrylonitrile
| Ammonia
| Arsenic
| Atrazine
| Benzaldehydes
| Benzene
| Benzo(a)pyrene
| benzyl chloride
| Beryllium
| bromodichloromethane
| bromoform
| Cadmium
| Carbon Disulfide
| Carbon Monoxide
| Carbon Tetrachloride
| chlorobenzene
| chlorodibromomethane
| Chloroform
| Chromium
| cumene
| Cyclohexane
| Diethylhexyl Phthalate
| dioctyl adipate
| Ethanol
| ethylbenzene
| Ethyl Chloride
| Ethylene Dibromide
| ethylene dichloride
| Formaldehyde
| hexachlorobutadiene
| Manganese
| Mercury
| methyl cellosolve
| Methyl Chloride
| Methylene Chloride
| methylethyl ketone
| methyl isobutyl ketone
| Methylmethacrylate
| methyl tert-butyl ether
| naphthalene
| n-butoxyethanol
| Nitrogen Dioxide
| Ozone
| Particulate Matter
| Pentachlorophenol
| Styrene
| Sulfur Dioxide
| Tetrachloroethylene
| tetrahydrofuran
| Toluene
| Trichloroethylene
| Vinyl Chloride
| vinylidene chloride
| Xylenes
|
Details
|
|
| 25. |
Sax SN, et al. (2006).
|
Toxics Exposure Assessment Columbia-Harvard (TEACH) |
In this study of inner-city teenagers living in New York City and Los Angeles, most volatile organic compounds had median upper-bound lifetime cancer risks that exceeded the US EPA benchmark and were generally greater than modeled estimates, more so for compounds with predominant indoor sources; chromium, nickel, and arsenic had median personal cancer risks above the benchmark with exposures largely from outdoors and other microenvironments; the U.S. EPA-modeled concentrations tended to overestimate personal cancer risks for beryllium and chromium but underestimate risks for nickel and arsenic. |
|
Air Pollutants
| Arsenic
| Chromium
| Elements
| Nickel
| Volatile Organic Compounds
|
Children |
United States |
air, indoor | air, outdoor | air, personal |
1,3-butadiene
| 4-dichlorobenzene
| Acetaldehyde
| Arsenic
| Benzene
| Beryllium
| Cadmium
| Carbon Tetrachloride
| Chloroform
| Chromium
| ethylbenzene
| Formaldehyde
| Lead
| Methylene Chloride
| methyl tert-butyl ether
| Nickel
| Styrene
| Tetrachloroethylene
| Trichloroethylene
|
Details
|
Neoplasms
|
| 26. |
Delfino RJ, et al. (2010).
|
|
Traffic emission sources of organic chemicals represented by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons are associated with increased systemic inflammation and explain associations with quasi-ultrafine particle mass. |
|
Air Pollutants
| hopane
| Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons
| Vehicle Emissions
|
Subjects with disease:Coronary Artery Disease
|
United States |
air, outdoor | plasma |
Alkanes
| Chromium
| Copper
| hopane
| IL6
| Iron
| Manganese
| Nickel
| Particulate Matter
| Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons
| TNFRSF1B
| Vanadium
| Zinc
|
Details
|
|
| 27. |
Cakmak S, et al. (2014).
|
Canadian Health Measures Survey (CHMS) |
To investigate the association between volatile organic compounds measured in residential indoor air and lung function in the Canadian population Cycle 2 of the Canadian Health Measures Survey - a population based cross-sectional survey designed to be representative of the Canadian population - was carried out between 2009 and 2011. |
|
alpha-pinene
| Benzene
| caprylic aldehyde
| decanaldehyde
| Furaldehyde
| isoprene
| naphthalene
| n-hexanal
| nonanal
| Styrene
|
Children | Study subjects |
Canada |
air |
alpha-pinene
| Benzene
| caprylic aldehyde
| decanaldehyde
| Furaldehyde
| isoprene
| naphthalene
| n-hexanal
| nonanal
| Styrene
|
Details
|
regulation of respiratory gaseous exchange
|
| 28. |
Zablotska LB, et al. (2008).
|
Health Effects of Arsenic Longitudinal Study (HEALS) |
Intakes of B-vitamins and antioxidants, at doses greater than the current recommended daily amounts for the country, may reduce the risk of arsenic-related skin lesions in Bangladesh. |
age | body mass index | sex | socioeconomic status |
Arsenic
| Ascorbic Acid
| Folic Acid
| Pyridoxine
| Riboflavin
| Vitamin A
| Vitamin E
|
Study subjects |
Bangladesh |
|
|
Details
|
Skin Ulcer
|
| 29. |
Macey GP, et al. (2014).
|
|
Levels of eight volatile chemicals exceeded federal guidelines under several operational circumstances. Benzene, formaldehyde, and hydrogen sulfide were the most common compounds to exceed acute and other health-based risk levels. |
|
Benzene
| ethylbenzene
| Formaldehyde
| Hydrogen Sulfide
| n-hexane
| Toluene
| Xylenes
|
|
United States |
air |
Benzene
| ethylbenzene
| Formaldehyde
| Hydrogen Sulfide
| n-hexane
| Toluene
| Xylenes
|
Details
|
|
| 30. |
Bove FJ, et al. (2014).
|
|
The purpose of this study was to determine whether potential exposures of employees to contaminated drinking water at Camp Lejeune increased risk of mortality from cancers and other chronic diseases. |
|
Benzene
| Tetrachloroethylene
| Trichloroethylene
| Vinyl Chloride
|
Military personnel |
United States |
|
Benzene
| Tetrachloroethylene
| Trichloroethylene
| Vinyl Chloride
|
Details
|
Leukemia
|
| 31. |
Nelson JW, et al. (2012).
|
National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) |
In these data, family income with adjustment for family size was the strongest predictor of bisphenol A and polyfluoroalkyl chemicals levels among the different measures of socioeconomic position we studied. |
socioeconomic status |
bisphenol A
|
Children | Study subjects |
United States |
serum | urine |
bisphenol A
| perfluorohexanesulfonic acid
| perfluoro-n-nonanoic acid
| perfluorooctane sulfonic acid
| perfluorooctanoic acid
|
Details
|
|
| 32. |
Mutlu E, et al. (2016).
|
|
We evaluated two categories of solid-fuel cookstoves for eight pollutant and four mutagenicity emission factors, correlated the mutagenicity emission factors, and compared them to those of other combustion emissions. |
|
Carbon Monoxide
| Hydrocarbons
| Methane
| Nitrogen Oxides
| Particulate Matter
| Soot
|
|
United States |
fuel |
Carbon Monoxide
| Hydrocarbons
| Methane
| Nitrogen Oxides
| Particulate Matter
| Soot
|
Details
|
|
| 33. |
Knobeloch L, et al. (2012).
|
|
In an effort to assess residential exposure, we tested vacuum cleaner dust from 39 Wisconsin homes for several perflouroalkyl chemicals; the most commonly detected compounds were perfluorooctanesulfonate, perfluorohexanesulfonate, and perfluorooctanoic acid. |
|
Dust
|
Study subjects |
United States |
dust, indoor |
perfluorobutyric acid
| perfluorodecanoic acid
| perfluorododecanoic acid
| perfluoroheptanoic acid
| perfluorohexanesulfonic acid
| perfluorohexanoic acid
| perfluorononanoic acid
| perfluorooctane sulfonic acid
| perfluorooctanoic acid
| perfluoroundecanoic acid
|
Details
|
|
| 34. |
La Rocca C, et al. (2014).
|
|
Our study indicates the relevance of the living environment when investigating the exposure to endocrine disrupters and the modulation of nuclear receptors (as a suitable biomarker of the effect) to assess the endocrine disrupters impact on reproductive health. |
|
Endocrine Disruptors
|
Controls for disease:Infertility, Female
| Subjects with disease:Infertility, Female
|
Italy |
blood | leukocyte, mononuclear | serum |
AHR
| AR
| bisphenol A
| ESR1
| ESR2
| mono-(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate
| NR1I2
| perfluorooctane sulfonic acid
| perfluorooctanoic acid
|
Details
|
|
| 35. |
de Cock M, et al. (2014).
|
|
We assessed the association between prenatal exposure to various endocrine disrupting chemicals and child growth during the first year; exposure to phthalates and DDE was associated with body mass index as well as with head circumference during the first year after birth; these results should be interpreted with caution though, due to the limited sample size. |
|
Endocrine Disruptors
|
Infants or newborns |
Netherlands |
blood, cord | milk, human |
2,4,5,2',4',5'-hexachlorobiphenyl
| Dichlorodiphenyl Dichloroethylene
| mono(2-ethyl-5-hydroxyhexyl) phthalate
| mono(2-ethyl-5-oxohexyl)phthalate
| perfluorooctane sulfonic acid
| perfluorooctanoic acid
|
Details
|
developmental growth
| head development
|
| 36. |
Wattigney WA, et al. (2015).
|
National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) |
We examined serum levels of persistent organic pollutants among four geographical U.S. regions (northeast, midwest, south, and west); differences in higher body burdens of exposure could be attributed to region-specific patterns of land use, industrial and agricultural chemical applications, and different levels of regulatory activity. |
|
Environmental Pollutants
|
Study subjects |
United States |
serum |
1,2,3,4,6,7,8-heptachlorodibenzodioxin
| 1,2,3,6,7,8-hexachlorodibenzodioxin
| 2,2',4,4',5-pentachlorobiphenyl
| 2,2',4,4'-tetrabromodiphenyl ether
| 2,4,4',5-tetrachlorobiphenyl
| 2,4,4'-trichlorobiphenyl
| 2,4,5,2',4',5'-hexachlorobiphenyl
| 2,4,5,2',5'-pentachlorobiphenyl
| 2,5,2',5'-tetrachlorobiphenyl
| Dichlorodiphenyl Dichloroethylene
| hexabrominated diphenyl ether 153
| pentabrominated diphenyl ether 100
| perfluorohexanesulfonic acid
| perfluorononanoic acid
| perfluorooctane sulfonic acid
| perfluorooctanoic acid
| tribromodiphenyl ether 28
|
Details
|
|
| 37. |
Berg V, et al. (2017).
|
Northern Norway Mother-and-Child Contaminant Cohort Study (MISA) |
The present results suggest that background exposures to persistent organic pollutants can alter maternal thyroid homeostasis. |
|
Environmental Pollutants
| Hexachlorobenzene
| nonachlor
| perfluorodecanoic acid
| perfluorooctane sulfonic acid
| perfluoroundecanoic acid
| Pesticides
| Polychlorinated Biphenyls
|
Pregnant females |
Norway |
serum |
2,2',3,3',4,4',5-heptachlorobiphenyl
| 2,2',3',4,4',5-hexachlorobiphenyl
| 2,2',3,4',5,5',6-heptachlorobiphenyl
| 2,2',4,4',5-pentachlorobiphenyl
| 2,3',4,4',5-pentachlorobiphenyl
| 2,4,5,2',4',5'-hexachlorobiphenyl
| Dichlorodiphenyl Dichloroethylene
| Hexachlorobenzene
| nonachlor
| PCB 180
| perfluorodecanoic acid
| perfluorohexanesulfonic acid
| perfluorononanoic acid
| perfluorooctane sulfonic acid
| perfluorooctanoic acid
| perfluoroundecanoic acid
| Thyroxine
| Triiodothyronine
| TSHB
|
Details
|
thyroid hormone generation
| thyroid-stimulating hormone secretion
|
| 38. |
Schecter A, et al. (2012).
|
|
Our results show that several Polyfluoroalkyl Compounds (PFCs) were detectable in children in Dallas, Texas, in 2009, including those born after changes in PFC manufacturing occurred. |
|
Fluorocarbons
|
Children |
United States |
serum |
perfluorodecanoic acid
| perfluorohexanesulfonic acid
| perfluoro-n-nonanoic acid
| perfluorooctanesulfonamide
| perfluorooctane sulfonic acid
| perfluorooctanoic acid
|
Details
|
|
| 39. |
Kataria A, et al. (2015).
|
National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) |
Perfluoroalkyl acids are associated with a reduction in kidney function and increased uric acid levels in otherwise healthy adolescents. |
|
Fluorocarbons
|
Children |
United States |
serum |
perfluorooctane sulfonic acid
| perfluorooctanoic acid
| Uric Acid
|
Details
|
glomerular filtration
|
| 40. |
Fan H, et al. (2014).
|
C8 Health Project (C8HP) |
Using 2005-2006 data from a large perfluorocarbon (PFC)-exposure population survey, we compared serum PFCs concentrations between Gilbert Syndrome (GS) and non GS clinical phenotypes, in a cross sectional design, adjusting for standard risk factors, including age, body mass index, smoking status, socioeconomic status and gender. |
sex |
Fluorocarbons
| perfluorodecanoic acid
| perfluorododecanoic acid
| perfluorohexanesulfonic acid
| perfluorohexanoic acid
| perfluorononanoic acid
| perfluorooctane sulfonic acid
| perfluorooctanoic acid
| perfluoroundecanoic acid
|
Controls for disease:Gilbert Disease
| Subjects with disease:Gilbert Disease
| Study subjects |
United States |
serum |
Fluorocarbons
| perfluorodecanoic acid
| perfluorododecanoic acid
| perfluorohexanesulfonic acid
| perfluorohexanoic acid
| perfluorononanoic acid
| perfluorooctane sulfonic acid
| perfluorooctanoic acid
| perfluoroundecanoic acid
|
Details
|
Gilbert Disease
|
| 41. |
Lopez-Espinosa MJ, et al. (2016).
|
C8 Health Project (C8HP) |
We found serum perfluoroalkyl substances concentrations to be associated with lower levels of sex hormones and IGF-1 in children aged 6-9 years. |
|
Fluorocarbons
| perfluorohexanesulfonic acid
| perfluorononanoic acid
| perfluorooctane sulfonic acid
| perfluorooctanoic acid
|
Children |
United States |
serum |
Estradiol
| IGF1
| perfluorohexanesulfonic acid
| perfluorononanoic acid
| perfluorooctane sulfonic acid
| perfluorooctanoic acid
| Testosterone
|
Details
|
estradiol secretion
| gene expression
| testosterone secretion
|
| 42. |
Goudarzi H, et al. (2017).
|
Sapporo Cohort, Hokkaido Study on Environment and Child Health |
Our results indicate that prenatal exposure to perfluorinated chemicals is significantly associated with glucocorticoid and dehydroepiandrosterone levels in cord blood. |
tobacco |
Fluorocarbons
| perfluorooctane sulfonic acid
| perfluorooctanoic acid
|
Fetuses | Infants or newborns | Pregnant females |
Japan |
blood, cord | serum |
Androstenedione
| Cortisone
| Dehydroepiandrosterone
| Hydrocortisone
| perfluorooctane sulfonic acid
| perfluorooctanoic acid
|
Details
|
cortisol secretion
| dehydroepiandrosterone secretion
|
| 43. |
Shrestha S, et al. (2015).
|
|
In the current study of older residents of the upper Hudson River communities, we detected positive associations between serum perfluorooctane sulfonate and free thyroxine and total thyroxine. |
age |
Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers
| perfluorooctane sulfonic acid
| perfluorooctanoic acid
| Polychlorinated Biphenyls
|
Study subjects |
United States |
serum |
Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers
| perfluorooctane sulfonic acid
| perfluorooctanoic acid
| Polychlorinated Biphenyls
| Thyroxine
| Triiodothyronine
| TSHB
|
Details
|
thyroid hormone metabolic process
|
| 44. |
Staples B, et al. (2003).
|
|
This longitudinal study has shown that about half of the adults exposed to hexachlorobutadiene showed evidence of a subclinical proximal tubular effect. Similarly, about a quarter of adults displayed a distal tubular effect. |
|
hexachlorobutadiene
|
Study subjects |
United Kingdom |
|
|
Details
|
Kidney Diseases
| Proteinuria
| gene expression
|
| 45. |
Webster GM, et al. (2016).
|
National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) |
We found evidence of perfluoroalkyl acids-associated thyroid disruption in a subset of U.S. adults with high thyroid peroxidase antibody (a marker of autoimmune hypothyroidism) and low iodine status, who may represent a vulnerable subgroup. |
sex |
hexadecafluoro-nonanoic acid
| Iodine
| perfluorohexanesulfonic acid
| perfluorooctane sulfonic acid
| perfluorooctanoic acid
|
Study subjects |
United States |
serum | urine |
hexadecafluoro-nonanoic acid
| Iodine
| perfluorohexanesulfonic acid
| perfluorooctane sulfonic acid
| perfluorooctanoic acid
| Thyrotropin
| Thyroxine
| Triiodothyronine
|
Details
|
thyroid hormone metabolic process
|
| 46. |
Grandjean P, et al. (2016).
|
|
Diphtheria antibody concentrations decreased at elevated perfluorinated alkylate substance concentrations at ages 13 and 7 years, associations being statistically significant for perfluorodecanoate at age 7 and perfluorooctanoate at age 13, both suggesting a decrease by about 25% for each doubling of exposure. |
|
hexadecafluoro-nonanoic acid
| perfluorodecanoic acid
| perfluorohexanesulfonic acid
| perfluorooctane sulfonic acid
| perfluorooctanoic acid
|
Children |
Faroe Islands |
serum |
hexadecafluoro-nonanoic acid
| perfluorodecanoic acid
| perfluorohexanesulfonic acid
| perfluorooctane sulfonic acid
| perfluorooctanoic acid
|
Details
|
IgG immunoglobulin complex, circulating
|
| 47. |
Calafat AM, et al. (2007).
|
National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) |
In the general U.S. population in 2003-2004, perfluorooctane sulfonic acid, perfluorooctanoic acid, perfluorohexane sulfonic acid, and perfluorononanoic acid serum concentrations were measurable in each demographic population group studied. |
|
hexadecafluoro-nonanoic acid
| perfluorohexanesulfonic acid
| perfluorooctane sulfonic acid
| perfluorooctanoic acid
|
Study subjects |
United States |
serum |
hexadecafluoro-nonanoic acid
| perfluorohexanesulfonic acid
| perfluorooctane sulfonic acid
| perfluorooctanoic acid
|
Details
|
|
| 48. |
Mora AM, et al. (2016).
|
Project Viva |
In this cohort, prenatal exposure to PFASs was associated with small increases in adiposity measurements in mid-childhood, but only among girls. |
sex |
hexadecafluoro-nonanoic acid
| perfluorohexanesulfonic acid
| perfluorooctane sulfonic acid
| perfluorooctanoic acid
|
Children | Pregnant females |
United States |
plasma |
hexadecafluoro-nonanoic acid
| perfluorohexanesulfonic acid
| perfluorooctane sulfonic acid
|
Details
|
Obesity
| adipose tissue development
|
| 49. |
Lee WC, et al. (2017).
|
Maternal-Infant Research on Environmental Chemicals (MIREC) Study |
We present an approach using factor analysis through principal component method and cluster analysis as an attempt to determine the pregnancy exposome; our results show the association between certain socio-demographic characteristics of the population of pregnant women and the presence of residual mixtures of common chemicals in their blood and urine. |
socioeconomic status |
Hydrocarbons, Fluorinated
| Metals
| Pesticides
| Plasticizers
| Polychlorinated Biphenyls
|
Pregnant females |
Canada |
blood | plasma | urine |
2,2',3',4,4',5-hexachlorobiphenyl
| 2,3',4,4',5-pentachlorobiphenyl
| 2,4,5,2',4',5'-hexachlorobiphenyl
| Arsenic
| beta-hexachlorocyclohexane
| bisphenol A
| Cacodylic Acid
| Cadmium
| Dichlorodiphenyl Dichloroethylene
| diethyl phosphate
| dimethyl phosphate
| Lead
| Manganese
| Mercury
| mono(2-ethyl-5-hydroxyhexyl) phthalate
| mono(2-ethyl-5-oxohexyl)phthalate
| mono-(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate
| mono-benzyl phthalate
| monobutyl phthalate
| monoethyl phthalate
| nonachlor
| O,O-dimethyl phosphorothionate
| oxychlordane
| PCB 180
| perfluorooctane sulfonic acid
| perfluorooctanoic acid
|
Details
|
|
| 50. |
Borg D, et al. (2013).
|
|
The objective of this study was to for the first time perform a cumulative health risk assessment of the 17 perfluoroalkylated and polyfluoroalkylated substances measured in the Swedish population, individually and in combination, using the Hazard Index approach. |
|
Hydrocarbons, Fluorinated
| perfluorobutane
| perfluorobutyric acid
| perfluorodecanoic acid
| perfluorododecanoic acid
| perfluoroheptanoic acid
| perfluorohexanesulfonic acid
| perfluorohexanoic acid
| perfluorononanoic acid
| perfluorooctanesulfonamide
| perfluorooctane sulfonic acid
| perfluorooctanoic acid
| perfluoroundecanoic acid
|
Study subjects | Workers |
Sweden |
serum |
Hydrocarbons, Fluorinated
| perfluorobutane
| perfluorobutyric acid
| perfluorodecanoic acid
| perfluorododecanoic acid
| perfluoroheptanoic acid
| perfluorohexanesulfonic acid
| perfluorohexanoic acid
| perfluorononanoic acid
| perfluorooctanesulfonamide
| perfluorooctane sulfonic acid
| perfluorooctanoic acid
| perfluoroundecanoic acid
|
Details
|
Liver Diseases
| immune response
| mammary gland development
| reproductive process
|
Illuminating how chemicals affect human health.
Hydrocarbons, Acyclic