CTD contains curated and inferred chemical–disease associations. Curated
chemical–disease associations are extracted from the published literature by CTD curators.
Inferred associations are established via CTD-curated chemical–gene interactions (e.g.,
chemical A is associated with disease B because chemical A has a curated interaction with gene C, and
gene C has a curated association with disease B).
The following data is presented:
- The chemical associated with the disease. The term may be either the subject of this detail page
or one of the subject term's descendants.
- The disease associated with the chemical.
- Direct evidence for the association
(M marker/mechanism and/or
T therapeutic)
- Links to view the GO functional annotations or pathways that are enriched for the gene set that underlies this
chemical–disease association (see Enrichment Analysis,
below).
- The genes on which the inferred association is based (i.e., genes that have curated interactions with the
chemical and curated associations with the disease).
- The score for the inference based on the topology of the network consisting of the chemical, disease,
and one or more genes used to make the inference (see
Inference Score, below).
- A link to the source reference(s) for the curated and inferred associations.
Enrichment Analysis
GO terms-
Many genes/proteins with curated chemical interactions in CTD have Gene Ontology
(GO) annotations that provide information about their associated biological
processes, molecular functions, and cellular components. To provide insight into the biological properties
that may be affected by a chemical, this report provides a list of GO terms that are statistically
enriched among the genes/proteins that interact with the chemical or one of its descendants.
-
Pathways
-
Many of the genes/proteins with curated chemical interactions in CTD are represented in
KEGG and REACTOME
pathway maps that represent molecular interaction and reaction networks. To provide insight into the pathways
and networks that may be affected by a chemical, this report provides a list of pathways that are
statistically enriched among the genes/proteins that interact with the chemical or one of its descendants.
Inference Score
The inference score reflects the degree of similarity between CTD chemical–gene–disease
networks and a similar scale-free random network.
The higher the score, the more likely the inference network has atypical connectivity.
Many biological networks, such as disease and metabolic networks, have been shown to be scale-free
random networks.
The inference score is calculated as the log-transformed product of two common-neighbor statistics used to
assess the functional relationships between proteins in a protein–protein interaction
network.
The first statistic takes into account the connectivity of the chemical and disease along with the number
of genes used to make the inference. The second statistic takes into the account the connectivity of each of the
genes used to make the inference.
Sorting
Sort these data differently by clicking a column heading.
Download
Save these data into a comma-separated values (CSV), Excel, XML, or tab-separated values (TSV) file
by clicking a Download link at the bottom of the table.
Giving insight into how chemicals affect our health.